Rotate the starter clutch by hand and inspect if the one-way clutch locks.
HINT:
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The one-way clutch transmits torque in only one rotational direction. In the other direction, the clutch turn freely and does not transmit torque.
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After the engine is stated by the starter rotation, the engine attempts to turn the starter via the engaged pinion. Therefore, the one-way clutch works to prevent the engine from turning the starter.
